The world’s leading health organizations consider fine dust particles PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 to be the most dangerous for humans. So it is only logical that filter testing methods and classifications rely on these very particles to demonstrate filter resolution.
ISO 16890
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ISO 16890The International Organization for Standardization, ISO, has issued a new standard for testing and evaluating air filters.
ISO coarse
Larger dust particles, plant debris.
ISO ePM10
Coarse dust, pollen and larger mold spores.
ISO ePM2,5
Fungal spores, fine dust and traffic pollution
ISO ePM1
Bacteria, nanoparticles, exhaust fumes and combustion particles.
Filtering efficiencyWhy are ePM1 particles harmful for your health?
The ePM1 particles, also known as fine particulate matter, are tiny particles with a diameter of 1 micrometer or smaller. Due to their small size, these particles can penetrate deep into the respiratory system and even enter the bloodstream, causing various health issues when inhaled.
Health effects of inhaling ePM1 particles include:
Respiratory Issues
These particles can aggravate existing respiratory conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, and other chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD. They can also cause irritation of the airways, coughing, and difficulty breathing.
Cardiovascular Problems
ePM1 particles can enter the bloodstream and contribute to cardiovascular issues, including heart attacks, strokes, and hypertension. Long term exposure can increase the risk of developing heart diseases.
Reduced Lung Function
Prolonged exposure to ePM1 particles can lead to decreased lung function and development of lung diseases. This is particularly concerning for vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and individuals with pre existing health conditions.
Inflammation
These fine particles can cause systemic inflammation, leading to various health complications. Inflammation can affect multiple organs and systems, exacerbating chronic conditions and leading to new health problems.
Cancer Risk
Some ePM1 particles contain carcinogenic substances, which can increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer, particularly lung cancer.
Given the potential health risks associated with ePM1 particles, it is essential to maintain effective air filtration systems to minimize exposure and protect human health.
Filtering efficiencyISO 16890 filter classifications are divided based on the regions where fine particles are deposited in the human lung.
Diameter (μm) of the particle at the aerodenum and the area in the human lung where the particle most likely deposits
ISO Coarse
>10 μm
Nose and mouth
ISO ePM10
<10-2.5 μm
Nasal cavities and trachea
ISO ePM2.5
<2.5-1 μm
Bronchia / bronchioles
ISO ePM1.0
<1 μm
Alveoli and bloodstream
ISO Coarse
>10 μm
Nose and mouth
ISO ePM10
<10-2.5 μm
Nasal cavities and trachea
ISO ePM2.5
<2.5-1 μm
Bronchia / bronchioles
ISO ePM1.0
<1 μm
Alveoli and bloodstream